Hamka University
Widi Sriyanto
Abstract
Because of lack of activation
from English learner in the speaking class and lack of creativity from teacher when
they are teaching in the class, so this paper will discuss about how to make
learning process in speaking class to be more interesting and attractive
through cooperative learning. In cooperative learning, there are many methods
that can be used in speaking class, like picture and picture model. Picture and
picture is a learning method which
uses pictures as the teaching media and arranged them into a logical order. This method is helpful to develop student’s ability
in speaking class because it is so fascinating and attractive for students.
Keyword: speaking,
cooperative learning, picture and picture
The Implication of Using Picture and Picture Method to
Increase
the Student’s
Ability in Speaking Class
Making the
learning process to be more interesting is not easy. Most of students get bored when they are
learning English. Lack of understanding about English and lack of creativity
from teacher that make learning process become uninteresting and inactive.
Actually, many researchers have already research about the problem. One of the
solutions from researchers is by using cooperative learning. Cooperative
learning is one of the best solutions to help teachers in learning process.
Because of in cooperative learning there are many methods to make learning
process being active, creative, innovative, efficient, and enjoy. One of the
best cooperative learning models which can be used in speaking class is picture
and picture method.
Speaking is
very important in learning English because speaking is the best tool to
communicate and give information between each other. People have to speak when they are going to
explain or convey what is on their mind to other.
According
to Yorkey (1990), speaking skill is a skill and like other skill, it must be
practiced continuously.[1]
It means that speaking is part of other skill which must be applied every time
in daily activities.
Meanwhile,
M. Dobson (1989) said that speaking is an ability when students can judge how
accurate their selling and how they use sentences they have learned and it
merely different when it is conveyed to writing skill, they usually produce
rather mistakes but in free speaking, they have tendency to make mistakes that
they wouldn’t make in writing.[2]
From those
definitions, it can be summarized that speaking is one of the skills which is
very important to be mastered and applied in real life although it is not
structured like in writing, the most important people can catch the point
between each other.
Many
English teachers believe that students should learn the language by interacting
to others. For this case, students should master several aspects in speaking,
such as comprehension, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and fluency because
those aspects are important to be known in speaking field.
In
brief, English teachers should be more creative in developing their teaching
learning process to create good atmosphere, improve the students speaking
skill, give attention to the speaking components’, and make the English lesson
more exiting and interesting.
To make learning process in the
classroom more interesting, the teacher has to have strategies
to conduct the activities
in the classroom especially in speaking class. What is the meaning of strategy?
Strategy means a method or plan chosen to bring about a desired future, such as
achievement of a goal or solution to a problem. Because of many problems that
teachers face in speaking class, such as less of confidence, less of accuracy,
and also less of comprehension from student, so the teachers must have best
strategy to handle their class.
There are absolutely many strategies
which can be used in speaking class, such as role play, jigsaw, talking stick,
conversation, and also picture and picture. Teachers can choose one of the
methods depending on the
student’s necessity. It might be one of the methods that can
be used as the best method in speaking class is picture and picture model.
Some of teachers already have known this method. This is it one
of the most popular cooperative learning model which is usually called picture
and picture. Picture and picture learning model is a learning method which uses
pictures as the teaching media and arranged them into a logical order.[3]
This model has already used in 19th centuries that developed by
Johnson and Johnson brother.
Because of
from the name already mentioned that this method trades on picture as a media
in learning process. Actually, it is so simple to apply in classroom. Like
another method that first of all teachers explain about the materials that
teacher wants to discuss. After teacher has already explained the material to
the student, teacher will show some pictures which relates to the material.
Then, teacher calls on a student randomly to arrange the pictures to be a good order,
and teacher asks the student about the reason why he/she arranges the pictures
like that.
There are
some advantages using picture and picture method, such as teacher can know more
about student’s ability, training student thinks logically and systematically,
and also increasing student’s interest becomes better.
There are
several researches talking about picture and picture method and one of them
from Rahayu (2010) who already research using this method.[4]
From Rahayu’s research, before she used this method most of students have a
less motivation when they learned the material in speaking class without
variation.
However,
after she used this method, students have more motivation when they learned the
material in speaking class using picture and picture method, and they are more
active in classroom than before using that method. Picture and picture can
increase their ability in speaking class.
From her
paper the writer’s inference that picture and picture method is one of the best
solutions to increase student’s ability in many courses, as picture and picture
is an active learning process, and it can increase student’s motivation in
learning activities.
Although it
is one of the best method, it has some weaknesses as many as the advantages of
using this method, such as it spends a lot of time, some of the students be
passive, teacher worries that will be confusion in classroom, it needs
supporting facilities, tools, and enough cost.
From the
explanation above, the writer can conclude that Picture and Picture is one of
the best learning models which can be used to increase student’s ability in
speaking class.
Absolutely,
to make it effective and useful all of the requirements must be fulfilled to
support learning process, such as the facilities and teacher’s knowledge about
this method. If one of the requirements cannot be fulfilled, the implication of
Picture and Picture method cannot be used properly.
[1] Richard C
Yorkey. (1990). Study skill for students
of English as a second language. New York: MC. Grow Hill
[2]
M. Dobson. (January 1, 1989). Teaching
for skill, Teaching English Forum, XXIV, p.30
[3]
R.E.B. Santoso. (2011). Model
Pembelajaran Picture and Picture, ras-eko.blogspot.com/2011//05/model-pembelajaran-picture-and-picture.html
[4] Rahayu. (2010). Penerapan metode pembelajaran picture and
picture untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan
aktivitas belajar siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMAN 8 Surakarta pada
pembelajaran biologi T.A 2009/2010. Surakarta: Universitas Sebelas Maret, p.7
Bibliography
Dobson, M. (January 1, 1989). Teaching for skill. Teaching
English Forum. XXIV.
Gunawan, I.(2006). Classroom learning and cooperative
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Rahayu. (2010). Penerapan metode pembelajaran
picture and picture untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan aktivitas belajar siswa
kelas XI IPA 3 SMAN 8 Surakarta pada pembelajaran biologi T.A 2009/2010.Surakarta:
Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Santoso, R.E.B. (2011). Model pembelajaran picture and picture.Available: http://ras-eko.blogspot.com/2011/05/model-pembelajaran-picture-and-picture.html.
Suprijono, A. (2009). Cooperative learning teori
dan aplikasi paikem. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
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